Human Growth and Development
Thursday, May 19, 2011
Tuesday, May 17, 2011
My Reflection Kimberly Jade Hembra
BLOG?????OH! I don't know how to make and work this what they call "blog". talking to my self while our professor discussing that we need to do our own blog, hmmmmf! Thanks to my group mates in starting it. I really think that's it hard because it is my first time. I'm having some difficulties because I always feel nervous in thinking about it and because i don't know what to do but try my best to do it! Because of this activity I realized that I should explore more to not be a "Mans." just like our professor said to us."jejeje".
I thank ma'am for some ways in giving this kind of activity because it develops our ability in computer and we know that this can help us in the future and it increases my willingness or effort to learn more about this.
and this blog will be a remembrance for all of us in taking this subject. We can see it even in the future and we are already have a children and grandsons and daughters. So i formulate that technology now is more powerful and it helps our life to move faster and it is now a need and not just like a want. But the most important is that I learned. Thank you Prof. Ava Clare Marie Robles. Take care and God bless ma'am.
I thank ma'am for some ways in giving this kind of activity because it develops our ability in computer and we know that this can help us in the future and it increases my willingness or effort to learn more about this.
and this blog will be a remembrance for all of us in taking this subject. We can see it even in the future and we are already have a children and grandsons and daughters. So i formulate that technology now is more powerful and it helps our life to move faster and it is now a need and not just like a want. But the most important is that I learned. Thank you Prof. Ava Clare Marie Robles. Take care and God bless ma'am.
sa
san, anabel reflection
1.It is difficult and not easy for me to learn and to know about this kind of activity .but, I encourage myself to do this.,This activity is unique and challenging.that's it.
2.Yes, I encountered some difficulty, On how to attach and appear my idea. but later on i can do it!.
3.The activity gave me deeper understanding because this is my first time, I need to search and ask help from my friends and classmates.
4.The activity increase my willingness to learn about technology because it will help and give you more information.
5.The important things that i've learned from this activity is on how to enhance and develop your ability about computer. I learn a lot from this subject and also to ma'am robles thanks a lot.
6.Blog activity is very interesting eventhough, this is a difficult for me but, i realized that someday this kind of activity is very important. One thing that you've shared to your classmates and friends.
" Ma'am thank you for everything..May the LORD GOD will bless you more.....
1.It is difficult and not easy for me to learn and to know about this kind of activity .but, I encourage myself to do this.,This activity is unique and challenging.that's it.
2.Yes, I encountered some difficulty, On how to attach and appear my idea. but later on i can do it!.
3.The activity gave me deeper understanding because this is my first time, I need to search and ask help from my friends and classmates.
4.The activity increase my willingness to learn about technology because it will help and give you more information.
5.The important things that i've learned from this activity is on how to enhance and develop your ability about computer. I learn a lot from this subject and also to ma'am robles thanks a lot.
6.Blog activity is very interesting eventhough, this is a difficult for me but, i realized that someday this kind of activity is very important. One thing that you've shared to your classmates and friends.
" Ma'am thank you for everything..May the LORD GOD will bless you more.....
Human Growth Hormone Trivia
1) Did you know that Ornithine plays a part in the quick release of HGH? It is a fact and then the HGH can work to keep your metabolism up so that you do not gain weight and so that you can lose what you may have already gained.
2) Can you list some of the benefits of HGH replacement therapy? Some of the most important ones are the reversal of pulmonary functioning, weight loss, more energy, increased bone mass and even thicker and tighter looking skin.
3) Who can take HGH? Anyone can take HGH if their doctor has prescribed it, even children in some cases. As for the types of injections for weight loss and anti aging, those under the age of 20 are generally discouraged from taking human growth hormone. This is because their bodies are generally making enough of this hormone already and if they were to take large doses as injections they could find themselves with too much for their body to handle well.
4) What has HGH been known to treat with success? Some of the most popular and common reasons to use HGH are: in some cases of dwarfism, to gain muscle mass, for its anti aging properties, to lose weight and to have more energy each day. The latter is especially important to athletes who burn up so much.
5) How does L-arginine affect HGH? What L-arginine can do is get the pituitary working more efficiently at producing the HGH, especially in young men. When they take at least 3 grams each day they can see their HGH levels rise. This can be important in a young man as it will help him to develop bigger and stronger muscles as well as help him burn more fat. Not only is this healthier it also leaves muscles looking better and more “cut.”
6) Have there been a lot of studies done on the safety of HGH? There have been numerous studies done concerning the safety of human growth hormone in both men and women of virtually all ages. It has not been shown to have any serious side effects as of yet, no deaths are anything of that nature have been reported in these studies, at least not the ones I have read. HGH treatments are safe and effective though the long term results are still up in the air as it is just too soon to know for sure.
7) Is all of the talk about human growth hormone just a bunch of publicity hype? Obviously this will depend on who you ask to some extent. However if you do not want to trust the studies done then you may trust Oprah, 20/20, Time Magazine, Dateline, the American Journal of Medicine and Newsweek. These have all talked about the many benefits of HGH with glowing commentaries.
8 ) Is it true that HGH can help you to improve your memory? Sure is, several studies have clearly indicated that when a person—even an elderly person—takes human growth hormone their memory does indeed improve significantly.
9) Does the human body need HGH? It certainly does when it is young. Without HGH we would not get tall and strong and our organs and bones would not be able to develop. However as we age our levels go down and down and this does not kill us but it does make us fatigued and sickly due to the fact that our bodies do not heal and regenerate as they did when we were producing more HGH.
10) Where does HGH come from anyways? That is an easy one. Human growth hormone is produced in our anterior pituitary gland. This is found at the back of our brains. This is an important gland that secretes many different hormones all of which are important to our bodies.
http://www.jintropin.org/human-growth-hormone-trivia/
2) Can you list some of the benefits of HGH replacement therapy? Some of the most important ones are the reversal of pulmonary functioning, weight loss, more energy, increased bone mass and even thicker and tighter looking skin.
3) Who can take HGH? Anyone can take HGH if their doctor has prescribed it, even children in some cases. As for the types of injections for weight loss and anti aging, those under the age of 20 are generally discouraged from taking human growth hormone. This is because their bodies are generally making enough of this hormone already and if they were to take large doses as injections they could find themselves with too much for their body to handle well.
4) What has HGH been known to treat with success? Some of the most popular and common reasons to use HGH are: in some cases of dwarfism, to gain muscle mass, for its anti aging properties, to lose weight and to have more energy each day. The latter is especially important to athletes who burn up so much.
5) How does L-arginine affect HGH? What L-arginine can do is get the pituitary working more efficiently at producing the HGH, especially in young men. When they take at least 3 grams each day they can see their HGH levels rise. This can be important in a young man as it will help him to develop bigger and stronger muscles as well as help him burn more fat. Not only is this healthier it also leaves muscles looking better and more “cut.”
6) Have there been a lot of studies done on the safety of HGH? There have been numerous studies done concerning the safety of human growth hormone in both men and women of virtually all ages. It has not been shown to have any serious side effects as of yet, no deaths are anything of that nature have been reported in these studies, at least not the ones I have read. HGH treatments are safe and effective though the long term results are still up in the air as it is just too soon to know for sure.
7) Is all of the talk about human growth hormone just a bunch of publicity hype? Obviously this will depend on who you ask to some extent. However if you do not want to trust the studies done then you may trust Oprah, 20/20, Time Magazine, Dateline, the American Journal of Medicine and Newsweek. These have all talked about the many benefits of HGH with glowing commentaries.
8 ) Is it true that HGH can help you to improve your memory? Sure is, several studies have clearly indicated that when a person—even an elderly person—takes human growth hormone their memory does indeed improve significantly.
9) Does the human body need HGH? It certainly does when it is young. Without HGH we would not get tall and strong and our organs and bones would not be able to develop. However as we age our levels go down and down and this does not kill us but it does make us fatigued and sickly due to the fact that our bodies do not heal and regenerate as they did when we were producing more HGH.
10) Where does HGH come from anyways? That is an easy one. Human growth hormone is produced in our anterior pituitary gland. This is found at the back of our brains. This is an important gland that secretes many different hormones all of which are important to our bodies.
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My Reflection: Reyna Sheen Landis
Honestly saying, there's a lot of questions that crept in my mind when our professor told us that we will make our own blog. A blog?! Yes, a blog. I've seen some of it - but i don't know how to make it! Well thanks to my group mates, they started it. First, when i log in in our url - well, i don't know where to go first or put some things on it. But as i look on youtube about how to start your own blog and it really helps and gives me information about what blog is (even just a little - well i'm trying to know more). There's one time that i'm nervous cause i posted a data (just trial and error) - i'm really worried cause i don't know how to delete it but then, when i consulted it in my cousin (even i'm shy to ask her) i feel relieved. Now, at least i knew it already.
As of now, i love blogging and engaging in networking, it gives me information about a lot of things! Yet, I want to know more. There's still a lot of things in this world that we need to discover.
It's really a challenge to me as a beginner to engage in this online blog activity. I want to explore more!!!
As of now, i love blogging and engaging in networking, it gives me information about a lot of things! Yet, I want to know more. There's still a lot of things in this world that we need to discover.
It's really a challenge to me as a beginner to engage in this online blog activity. I want to explore more!!!
BLOG EXPERIENCE
SELF REFLECTION ( Laurence Denn Saligumba)
First and foremost, I was curious about what blog is. I have no idea about this and to think that we are ought to make our own blog is a big big explosion to me. How can I make if I don’t know any about it. But learning takes place when I open and was able to see a blog sample. At that moment I was amazed. It is a collection of useful information that everybody can used. With this, you can impart information or knowledge to other with the use of technology. Lack of exposure with the technology will hinder any activities related on it. Web blogging is not easy to use especially in creating your own blog account without enough knowledge about it. It plays an important role in life of students. In the sense that students where be able to become globally competitive with the help of such information and having a skills in using the available technology. It increases my enthusiasm, willingness and encourages me to give more effort in order to learn more about technology because we are now leading to a high technology future and as a teacher someday, there is a need for us to become more knowledgeable with the technology. Teachers must not left behind as well as the students. The important thing is that everyone must be anchor with the technology in order for us to fit with the fast changing world.
Therefore, I can say that technology is really makes life easier as long as you have the efficient knowledge and skills on how you use it in your daily life.
Monday, May 16, 2011
PROFOUND (reflections) BY CRISMIL MANSUETO
"Oh no! creating a blog?!? that is hard"-- These words flashed on my thoughts when I first heard our professor instructing us to create our own blogs. Nevertheless, i was challenged since it's my first time to do such activity. Meanwhile; when i first searched the information on how to do blogging, i was never wrong with my prognostications: it is indeed very exciting yet a tough task. I thought i might not able to do it well but trying it will never cause something harmful to me. As i went through many searches and exploring many things on the net to integrate our subject to the useful sources; i realized that as a student who belongs to this 21st century, our access to education must also be on the level of highly innovated industry. The fact that it's a click away, it also helps the students to learn more things that could not be learned on the four-corner classroom. Thought it's difficult for some reasons, learning it could make us more knowledgeable rather than ignorant. Lastly, I am very thankful that Prof. Ava Robles is our professor. Because of her intellectual ideas and principles about education that she had shared to us, we became integrated as students of this new generation; as her imparted wisdom reached the depths of our "brains". :)
Sunday, May 15, 2011
Reflection by: Liza Jane Simon
Blog may not ring a bell to some, but among few who have been so much updated with the cyber world, it does.
Like a child feeling the peculiarity in his first bicycle ride, so is a blogging activity appeal to me. Anyway, it is of human nature to feel such thing towards any novel thing that he engages himself in.
Anything that is new can really be difficult, especially when one is not really used to such; however, as one constantly explores the cyber world, it is expected that he will get used to it in a way that things regarding that activity as in blogging becomes more manageable. Moreover, the continuous exposure to this thing indeed brought deeper, broader and extensive understanding to one; in a way that it does not only expose one in a cyber world, but also enables one to make use of cyber exploration in a creative manner, may it be entertainment, academic or information purpose. Furthermore, it also let me peeped through different perspectives of blogging for it certainly increased my enthusiasm, willingness and effort to explore technological advancement. Wheew! Never did it occur to me previously that scholarly matters could be pleasurable and really ingenious, not until my blogging exposure started.
At the end of the day, new learnings are instilled in my mind. It provides me the realization that things are really inventive in their own way, depending on how extensive one has become. As blogging continues to exist, so does my cyber exploration go on and as it becomes convenient to me, so do I learn to become more zealous on how to explore extensively in web blogging.”,)
Like a child feeling the peculiarity in his first bicycle ride, so is a blogging activity appeal to me. Anyway, it is of human nature to feel such thing towards any novel thing that he engages himself in.
Anything that is new can really be difficult, especially when one is not really used to such; however, as one constantly explores the cyber world, it is expected that he will get used to it in a way that things regarding that activity as in blogging becomes more manageable. Moreover, the continuous exposure to this thing indeed brought deeper, broader and extensive understanding to one; in a way that it does not only expose one in a cyber world, but also enables one to make use of cyber exploration in a creative manner, may it be entertainment, academic or information purpose. Furthermore, it also let me peeped through different perspectives of blogging for it certainly increased my enthusiasm, willingness and effort to explore technological advancement. Wheew! Never did it occur to me previously that scholarly matters could be pleasurable and really ingenious, not until my blogging exposure started.
At the end of the day, new learnings are instilled in my mind. It provides me the realization that things are really inventive in their own way, depending on how extensive one has become. As blogging continues to exist, so does my cyber exploration go on and as it becomes convenient to me, so do I learn to become more zealous on how to explore extensively in web blogging.”,)
Saturday, May 14, 2011
ed 102
Reflection:
By Pinky Sasa
This blog activity was so challenging, becuse we need to make a blog for our portfolio,but this activity will help us, how to make a blog. But us a first timer to use this kind of blog we are so very confuse how to make it, but later on we made it...thnx to the help of our friends and to our professor Ava Claire Marie Robles to teach us. Because we learn more about technology.Before we have no idea what is blog and how to make it but now we know, little information about the blog, and this activity will give a way and encourage to us to explore our knowledge about technology or to learn more abuot technology.Us a person we need to know everything that exist in this universe, and we not be contented in one thing that we know, we need to observe in our sorrounding and be a wise person.............
By Pinky Sasa
This blog activity was so challenging, becuse we need to make a blog for our portfolio,but this activity will help us, how to make a blog. But us a first timer to use this kind of blog we are so very confuse how to make it, but later on we made it...thnx to the help of our friends and to our professor Ava Claire Marie Robles to teach us. Because we learn more about technology.Before we have no idea what is blog and how to make it but now we know, little information about the blog, and this activity will give a way and encourage to us to explore our knowledge about technology or to learn more abuot technology.Us a person we need to know everything that exist in this universe, and we not be contented in one thing that we know, we need to observe in our sorrounding and be a wise person.............
Thursday, May 12, 2011
REFLECTION
Click Blog
by: Kristian Dave F. Villa
Blog?.......bell rings(dingdong3x)…….Ed 103 class was dismissed..Oh no! I was inside the classroom for two hours full and I got nothing? I lived in the midst of ignorance for that moment..funny but yes, it’s true..Our honorable professor, Ava Clare Robles, kept on discussing about BLOG, and ahhhhhh…I was stunned for a couple of hours, I repeat a couple of hours…It’s not that I know nothing about the WORD blog, but its about being capable of doing so….HOW can I generate and convey ideas, happened to be a major requirement, into a means that I perferctly don’t know how to manipulate..TOINKS..:D
1,2,3, BOOM!!!! That’s it..I have friends..thank you facebook, a social networking site. It helped me to locate and communicate with my “verysupermegagigaultramonstrous” best friends..hehe.. I ask for their help and gradually I mastered manipulating the blog..Huh! Now, BLOG is just like a simple ABC to me…hehe..just kidding..And guess what DEAR FRIENDS, our honorable professor announced that the Blog I led “Powerlogic” became number 1…wahaha…Thank you for following our blog and to those who has never followed yet…MAAWA PO KAYO IFOLLOW NU….nyahaha…:D
Try and explore the world of Blog…:D
by: Kristian Dave F. Villa
Blog?.......bell rings(dingdong3x)…….Ed 103 class was dismissed..Oh no! I was inside the classroom for two hours full and I got nothing? I lived in the midst of ignorance for that moment..funny but yes, it’s true..Our honorable professor, Ava Clare Robles, kept on discussing about BLOG, and ahhhhhh…I was stunned for a couple of hours, I repeat a couple of hours…It’s not that I know nothing about the WORD blog, but its about being capable of doing so….HOW can I generate and convey ideas, happened to be a major requirement, into a means that I perferctly don’t know how to manipulate..TOINKS..:D
1,2,3, BOOM!!!! That’s it..I have friends..thank you facebook, a social networking site. It helped me to locate and communicate with my “verysupermegagigaultramonstrous” best friends..hehe.. I ask for their help and gradually I mastered manipulating the blog..Huh! Now, BLOG is just like a simple ABC to me…hehe..just kidding..And guess what DEAR FRIENDS, our honorable professor announced that the Blog I led “Powerlogic” became number 1…wahaha…Thank you for following our blog and to those who has never followed yet…MAAWA PO KAYO IFOLLOW NU….nyahaha…:D
Try and explore the world of Blog…:D
Tuesday, May 10, 2011
PRE - NATAL and BIRTH PRESENTATIONS
Editor in chief: Kristian Dave Villa
As babies grow and develop they need to find the most comfortable and accommodating position in the womb. Babies can switch positions in the womb frequently, depending on how large they are and how generous the uterus is. However, by the time labor arrives, babies generally figure out how to get in the right position to make their way out into the world. But what position is the right position? What if your baby can't turn around? It is important to know the possible positions of childbirth and what steps to take to have a safe and healthy labor delivery. Presentation
The term presentation refers to the position of your baby as it moves into the birth canal. Babies can move many times and into many different positions before labor arrives. Generally speaking, most babies come to the same final presentation. These babies are born in a head-first (or crowning labor) position and facing downwards.
However, some will position themselves in a more difficult presentation. The positions of these babies, who account for less than 5% of all births, are called fetal malpresentations. Babies who have a premature birth, have little room in the uterus, or are stuck in a breech position may be unable to reposition. If they are unable to do so, a doctor may be able to assist the baby in turning. If this fails, a natural birth may be impossible. A cesarean birth instead of a vaginal birth may be the safest option.
Fetal Lie
Fetal lie is another important part of a baby's presentation. The position of the baby's spine in relation to its mother's is called the fetal lie. The vast majority of babies lie in the same direction as the mother's spine. This is called a cephalic lie. However, a baby's spine can sometimes lie at an angle to the mother's. When the baby is off on a slight angle it is called an oblique lie. This is fairly rare, occurring in only 1 out of every 300 births. When your baby lies at a right angle to your spine, creating a T-shape, it is called a transverse lie. This too is rare, occurring in only 1 out of every 300 births.
When the fetal lie is not in line with the mother's spine, some problems can occur. Cord prolapse, or when your baby's umbilical cord arrives before she does, is the most common problem associated with oblique and transverse fetal lies. This can sometimes stop oxygen and blood from reaching your baby's brain, resulting in tissue, organ, or brain damage. Generally, most babies will right themselves before labor. However, if you know your baby is in a difficult lie and your water breaks, seek medical help right away.
Flexion Attitude
Flexion attitude is the final aspect making up your baby's presentation. The position of baby's head at childbirth is called flexion attitude. Most babies arrive in a downward-facing position, with their chin touching their chest. Although irregularities in flexion attitude are rare, they can occur. Some babies arrive looking up, called face presentation. Others arrive in brow presentation. These babies do not have their chins tucked up to their chest, resulting in the brow of the head arriving first. However, only 1 out of every 500 births exhibit these types of flexion attitude.
Breech Birth
The most common type of fetal malpresentation is the breech birth. In this position the baby arrives feet, knees, or buttocks first. Fewer than 3-4% of babies are born in this position. Often, the doctor or midwife can try to gently move the baby by applying pressure to your abdominal wall. Half of all breech babies can be moved into a better presentation by doing this. Shifting of the baby is best done after 36 weeks and before labor begins. If your baby is still in a breech presentation during labor, a natural or home birth may be difficult. Instead a cesarean section is likely the best option.
There are various breech positions in which your baby can present herself. If she arrives buttocks first in a V-shaped position, with the legs extending over the head, it is called a frank breech. In a complete breech, your baby arrives sitting with both legs crossed and pushed up. An incomplete breech presentation will have the baby arriving with one leg crossed and one leg extending down the birth canal.
Footling
A footling presentation is similar to an incomplete breech presentation. In this presentation, the baby will arrive with one leg stretched down the birth canal. If two legs are extended into the birth canal, it is called a double footling presentation.
Compound Presentation
In a compound presentation, more than one part of the baby arrives at the same time. The most common arrival is likely to be the head and the arm together. This presentation is only a problem if your pelvis will not allow for the extra space necessary to birth the baby. In this case, an episiotomy may need to be done while you are giving birth or, in extreme cases, a cesarean section, to ensure the safe delivery of the baby.
Shoulder Presentation
This presentation, with the shoulders arriving first, is among the most rare. Only 1 out of every 1000 babies arrive in this position. It is necessary to have your doctor reposition the baby if possible. If labor has already begun, a cesarean section will be required
As babies grow and develop they need to find the most comfortable and accommodating position in the womb. Babies can switch positions in the womb frequently, depending on how large they are and how generous the uterus is. However, by the time labor arrives, babies generally figure out how to get in the right position to make their way out into the world. But what position is the right position? What if your baby can't turn around? It is important to know the possible positions of childbirth and what steps to take to have a safe and healthy labor delivery. Presentation
The term presentation refers to the position of your baby as it moves into the birth canal. Babies can move many times and into many different positions before labor arrives. Generally speaking, most babies come to the same final presentation. These babies are born in a head-first (or crowning labor) position and facing downwards.
However, some will position themselves in a more difficult presentation. The positions of these babies, who account for less than 5% of all births, are called fetal malpresentations. Babies who have a premature birth, have little room in the uterus, or are stuck in a breech position may be unable to reposition. If they are unable to do so, a doctor may be able to assist the baby in turning. If this fails, a natural birth may be impossible. A cesarean birth instead of a vaginal birth may be the safest option.
Fetal Lie
Fetal lie is another important part of a baby's presentation. The position of the baby's spine in relation to its mother's is called the fetal lie. The vast majority of babies lie in the same direction as the mother's spine. This is called a cephalic lie. However, a baby's spine can sometimes lie at an angle to the mother's. When the baby is off on a slight angle it is called an oblique lie. This is fairly rare, occurring in only 1 out of every 300 births. When your baby lies at a right angle to your spine, creating a T-shape, it is called a transverse lie. This too is rare, occurring in only 1 out of every 300 births.
When the fetal lie is not in line with the mother's spine, some problems can occur. Cord prolapse, or when your baby's umbilical cord arrives before she does, is the most common problem associated with oblique and transverse fetal lies. This can sometimes stop oxygen and blood from reaching your baby's brain, resulting in tissue, organ, or brain damage. Generally, most babies will right themselves before labor. However, if you know your baby is in a difficult lie and your water breaks, seek medical help right away.
Flexion Attitude
Flexion attitude is the final aspect making up your baby's presentation. The position of baby's head at childbirth is called flexion attitude. Most babies arrive in a downward-facing position, with their chin touching their chest. Although irregularities in flexion attitude are rare, they can occur. Some babies arrive looking up, called face presentation. Others arrive in brow presentation. These babies do not have their chins tucked up to their chest, resulting in the brow of the head arriving first. However, only 1 out of every 500 births exhibit these types of flexion attitude.
Breech Birth
The most common type of fetal malpresentation is the breech birth. In this position the baby arrives feet, knees, or buttocks first. Fewer than 3-4% of babies are born in this position. Often, the doctor or midwife can try to gently move the baby by applying pressure to your abdominal wall. Half of all breech babies can be moved into a better presentation by doing this. Shifting of the baby is best done after 36 weeks and before labor begins. If your baby is still in a breech presentation during labor, a natural or home birth may be difficult. Instead a cesarean section is likely the best option.
There are various breech positions in which your baby can present herself. If she arrives buttocks first in a V-shaped position, with the legs extending over the head, it is called a frank breech. In a complete breech, your baby arrives sitting with both legs crossed and pushed up. An incomplete breech presentation will have the baby arriving with one leg crossed and one leg extending down the birth canal.
Footling
A footling presentation is similar to an incomplete breech presentation. In this presentation, the baby will arrive with one leg stretched down the birth canal. If two legs are extended into the birth canal, it is called a double footling presentation.
Compound Presentation
In a compound presentation, more than one part of the baby arrives at the same time. The most common arrival is likely to be the head and the arm together. This presentation is only a problem if your pelvis will not allow for the extra space necessary to birth the baby. In this case, an episiotomy may need to be done while you are giving birth or, in extreme cases, a cesarean section, to ensure the safe delivery of the baby.
Shoulder Presentation
This presentation, with the shoulders arriving first, is among the most rare. Only 1 out of every 1000 babies arrive in this position. It is necessary to have your doctor reposition the baby if possible. If labor has already begun, a cesarean section will be required
Friday, April 29, 2011
Human Growth and Development
Editor in chief: Kristian Dave Villa
Associate Editor in chief: Crismil Mansueto
Photo and Video Designer: Kristian Dave Villa
Web Designer: Kristian Dave Villa
Researchers: Pinky Sasa, Reyna Sheen Landis, Kimberly Jade Hembra, Laurence Denn Saligumba, Anabel San,Liza Jane Simon and Crismil Mansueto.
Adviser: Prof. Ava Clare Marie Robles
Overview of Human Growth and Development
There is a set of principles that characterizes the pattern and process of growth and development. These principles or characteristics describe typical development as a predictable and orderly process; that is, we can predict how most children will develop and that they will develop at the same rate and at about the same time as other children. Although there are individual differences in children's personalities, activity levels, and timing of developmental milestones, such as ages and stages, the principles and characteristics of development are universal patterns.
Development proceeds from the head downward. This is called the cephalocaudle principle. This principle describes the direction of growth and development. According to this principle, the child gains control of the head first, then the arms, and then the legs. Infants develop control of the head and face movements within the first two months after birth. In the next few months, they are able to lift themselves up by using their arms. By 6 to 12 months of age, infants start to gain leg control and may be able to crawl, stand, or walk. Coordination of arms always precedes coordination of legs.
Development proceeds from the center of the body outward. This is the principle of proximodistal development that also describes the direction of development. This means that the spinal cord develops before outer parts of the body. The child's arms develop before the hands and the hands and feet develop before the fingers and toes. Finger and toe muscles (used in fine motor dexterity) are the last to develop in physical development.
Development depends on maturation and learning. Maturation refers to the sequential characteristic of biological growth and development. The biological changes occur in sequential order and give children new abilities. Changes in the brain and nervous system account largely for maturation. These changes in the brain and nervous system help children to improve in thinking (cognitive) and motor (physical) skills. Also, children must mature to a certain point before they can progress to new skills (Readiness). For example, a four-month-old cannot use language because the infant's brain has not matured enough to allow the child to talk. By two years old, the brain has developed further and with help from others, the child will have the capacity to say and understand words. Also, a child can't write or draw until he has developed the motor control to hold a pencil or crayon.
Maturational patterns are innate, that is, genetically programmed. The child's environment and the learning that occurs as a result of the child's experiences largely determine whether the child will reach optimal development. A stimulating environment and varied experiences allow a child to develop to his or her potential.
Development proceeds from the simple (concrete) to the more complex. Children use their cognitive and language skills to reason and solve problems. For example, learning relationships between things (how things are similar), or classification, is an important ability in cognitive development. The cognitive process of learning how an apple and orange are alike begins with the most simplistic or concrete thought of describing the two. Seeing no relationship, a preschool child will describe the objects according to some property of the object, such as color. Such a response would be, "An apple is red (or green) and an orange is orange." The first level of thinking about how objects are alike is to give a description or functional relationship (both concrete thoughts) between the two objects. "An apple and orange are round" and "An apple and orange are alike because you eat them" are typical responses of three, four and five year old. As children develop further in cognitive skills, they are able to understand a higher and more complex relationship between objects and things; that is, that an apple and orange exist in a class called fruit. The child cognitively is then capable of classification.
Growth and development is a continuous process. As a child develops, he or she adds to the skills already acquired and the new skills become the basis for further achievement and mastery of skills. Most children follow a similar pattern. Also, one stage of development lays the foundation for the next stage of development. For example, in motor development, there is a predictable sequence of developments that occur before walking. The infant lifts and turns the head before he or she can turn over. Infants can move their limbs (arms and legs) before grasping an object. Mastery of climbing stairs involves increasing skills from holding on to walking alone. By the age of four, most children can walk up and down stairs with alternating feet. As in maturation, in order for children to write or draw, they must have developed the manual (hand) control to hold a pencil and crayon.
Growth and development proceed from the general to specific. In motor development, the infant will be able to grasp an object with the whole hand before using only the thumb and forefinger. The infant's first motor movements are very generalized, undirected, and reflexive, waving arms or kicking before being able to reach or creep toward an object. Growth occurs from large muscle movements to more refined (smaller) muscle movements.
There are individual rates of growth and development. Each child is different and the rates at which individual children grow is different. Although the patterns and sequences for growth and development are usually the same for all children, the rates at which individual children reach developmental stages will be different. Understanding this fact of individual differences in rates of development should cause us to be careful about using and relying on age and stage characteristics to describe or label children. There is a range of ages for any developmental task to take place. This dismisses the notion of the "average child". Some children will walk at ten months while others walk a few months older at eighteen months of age. Some children are more active while others are more passive. This does not mean that the passive child will be less intelligent as an adult. There is no validity to comparing one child's progress with or against another child. Rates of development also are not uniform within an individual child. For example, a child's intellectual development may progress faster than his emotional or social development.
Human Growth & Development introduces preservice educators, nursing students and others to lifespan development. During the semester students will become knowledgeable with the major theories of development that have been empirically studied.
Topics covered include:
I. Developmental theories, research methods, and history
II. Biology of development
A. Biological basis of Development
B. Prenatal Development
III. Infancy and toddler hood
A. Overview
B. Cognitive Development
C. Emotional and Social Development
IV. Early childhood
A. Physical and Cognitive Development
B. Emotional and Social Development
V. Middle childhood
A. Physical and Cognitive Development
B. Emotional and Social Development
VI. Adolescence
A. Physical and Cognitive Development
B. Emotional and Social Development
VII. Early adulthood
A. Physical and Cognitive Development
B. Emotional and Social Development
VIII. Middle adulthood
A. Physical and Cognitive Development
B. Emotional and Social Development
IX. Late adulthood
A. Physical and Cognitive Development
B. Emotional and Social Development
X. Death, dying and bereavement
Objectives:
1. Define and differentiate among the research methods used in human growth and development, including cross-sectional, longitudinal and sequential designs. The student should also be able to define the major techniques used in descriptive statistics and the elements of basic experimental designs used in the study of developmental psychology.
2. Name and describe the following theories of development:
a. Piaget's theory of intellectual development;
b. Erickson's psychosocial theory of personality;
c. maturational theory/stages (Gessell);
d. Kohlberg's theory of moral development;
e. behavioral and social learning theories; and
f. others
3. List and describe the major stages of human growth and development.
4. State appropriate behavioral expectations and developmental tasks associated with each major stage of development.
5. State and discuss (pro and con) the basic issues of the nature/nurture controversies.
Associate Editor in chief: Crismil Mansueto
Photo and Video Designer: Kristian Dave Villa
Web Designer: Kristian Dave Villa
Researchers: Pinky Sasa, Reyna Sheen Landis, Kimberly Jade Hembra, Laurence Denn Saligumba, Anabel San,Liza Jane Simon and Crismil Mansueto.
Adviser: Prof. Ava Clare Marie Robles
Overview of Human Growth and Development
There is a set of principles that characterizes the pattern and process of growth and development. These principles or characteristics describe typical development as a predictable and orderly process; that is, we can predict how most children will develop and that they will develop at the same rate and at about the same time as other children. Although there are individual differences in children's personalities, activity levels, and timing of developmental milestones, such as ages and stages, the principles and characteristics of development are universal patterns.
Development proceeds from the head downward. This is called the cephalocaudle principle. This principle describes the direction of growth and development. According to this principle, the child gains control of the head first, then the arms, and then the legs. Infants develop control of the head and face movements within the first two months after birth. In the next few months, they are able to lift themselves up by using their arms. By 6 to 12 months of age, infants start to gain leg control and may be able to crawl, stand, or walk. Coordination of arms always precedes coordination of legs.
Development proceeds from the center of the body outward. This is the principle of proximodistal development that also describes the direction of development. This means that the spinal cord develops before outer parts of the body. The child's arms develop before the hands and the hands and feet develop before the fingers and toes. Finger and toe muscles (used in fine motor dexterity) are the last to develop in physical development.
Development depends on maturation and learning. Maturation refers to the sequential characteristic of biological growth and development. The biological changes occur in sequential order and give children new abilities. Changes in the brain and nervous system account largely for maturation. These changes in the brain and nervous system help children to improve in thinking (cognitive) and motor (physical) skills. Also, children must mature to a certain point before they can progress to new skills (Readiness). For example, a four-month-old cannot use language because the infant's brain has not matured enough to allow the child to talk. By two years old, the brain has developed further and with help from others, the child will have the capacity to say and understand words. Also, a child can't write or draw until he has developed the motor control to hold a pencil or crayon.
Maturational patterns are innate, that is, genetically programmed. The child's environment and the learning that occurs as a result of the child's experiences largely determine whether the child will reach optimal development. A stimulating environment and varied experiences allow a child to develop to his or her potential.
Development proceeds from the simple (concrete) to the more complex. Children use their cognitive and language skills to reason and solve problems. For example, learning relationships between things (how things are similar), or classification, is an important ability in cognitive development. The cognitive process of learning how an apple and orange are alike begins with the most simplistic or concrete thought of describing the two. Seeing no relationship, a preschool child will describe the objects according to some property of the object, such as color. Such a response would be, "An apple is red (or green) and an orange is orange." The first level of thinking about how objects are alike is to give a description or functional relationship (both concrete thoughts) between the two objects. "An apple and orange are round" and "An apple and orange are alike because you eat them" are typical responses of three, four and five year old. As children develop further in cognitive skills, they are able to understand a higher and more complex relationship between objects and things; that is, that an apple and orange exist in a class called fruit. The child cognitively is then capable of classification.
Growth and development is a continuous process. As a child develops, he or she adds to the skills already acquired and the new skills become the basis for further achievement and mastery of skills. Most children follow a similar pattern. Also, one stage of development lays the foundation for the next stage of development. For example, in motor development, there is a predictable sequence of developments that occur before walking. The infant lifts and turns the head before he or she can turn over. Infants can move their limbs (arms and legs) before grasping an object. Mastery of climbing stairs involves increasing skills from holding on to walking alone. By the age of four, most children can walk up and down stairs with alternating feet. As in maturation, in order for children to write or draw, they must have developed the manual (hand) control to hold a pencil and crayon.
Growth and development proceed from the general to specific. In motor development, the infant will be able to grasp an object with the whole hand before using only the thumb and forefinger. The infant's first motor movements are very generalized, undirected, and reflexive, waving arms or kicking before being able to reach or creep toward an object. Growth occurs from large muscle movements to more refined (smaller) muscle movements.
There are individual rates of growth and development. Each child is different and the rates at which individual children grow is different. Although the patterns and sequences for growth and development are usually the same for all children, the rates at which individual children reach developmental stages will be different. Understanding this fact of individual differences in rates of development should cause us to be careful about using and relying on age and stage characteristics to describe or label children. There is a range of ages for any developmental task to take place. This dismisses the notion of the "average child". Some children will walk at ten months while others walk a few months older at eighteen months of age. Some children are more active while others are more passive. This does not mean that the passive child will be less intelligent as an adult. There is no validity to comparing one child's progress with or against another child. Rates of development also are not uniform within an individual child. For example, a child's intellectual development may progress faster than his emotional or social development.
Human Growth & Development introduces preservice educators, nursing students and others to lifespan development. During the semester students will become knowledgeable with the major theories of development that have been empirically studied.
Topics covered include:
I. Developmental theories, research methods, and history
II. Biology of development
A. Biological basis of Development
B. Prenatal Development
III. Infancy and toddler hood
A. Overview
B. Cognitive Development
C. Emotional and Social Development
IV. Early childhood
A. Physical and Cognitive Development
B. Emotional and Social Development
V. Middle childhood
A. Physical and Cognitive Development
B. Emotional and Social Development
VI. Adolescence
A. Physical and Cognitive Development
B. Emotional and Social Development
VII. Early adulthood
A. Physical and Cognitive Development
B. Emotional and Social Development
VIII. Middle adulthood
A. Physical and Cognitive Development
B. Emotional and Social Development
IX. Late adulthood
A. Physical and Cognitive Development
B. Emotional and Social Development
X. Death, dying and bereavement
Objectives:
1. Define and differentiate among the research methods used in human growth and development, including cross-sectional, longitudinal and sequential designs. The student should also be able to define the major techniques used in descriptive statistics and the elements of basic experimental designs used in the study of developmental psychology.
2. Name and describe the following theories of development:
a. Piaget's theory of intellectual development;
b. Erickson's psychosocial theory of personality;
c. maturational theory/stages (Gessell);
d. Kohlberg's theory of moral development;
e. behavioral and social learning theories; and
f. others
3. List and describe the major stages of human growth and development.
4. State appropriate behavioral expectations and developmental tasks associated with each major stage of development.
5. State and discuss (pro and con) the basic issues of the nature/nurture controversies.
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